EU Long Stays: Fair‑Use for Nomads & Students (90/180‑Day Rule)

31 Oct 2025

Planning a long stretch around Europe? Here’s the traveller‑first guide to EU fair use on long stays. Confusion often comes from mixing two different systems: immigration rules (the Schengen 90/180‑day stay limit) and telecom rules (EU roaming fair use). They are not the same. Immigration limits how long you can stay. Telecom fair use limits how long you can roam on an EU plan before surcharges kick in. If you’re a student with local residency, you’re treated differently to a roaming nomad bouncing between countries. And regional eSIMs add a third option that avoids most “home vs abroad” checks altogether. This guide cuts through the jargon with plain‑English explanations, examples you can copy, and practical checklists to keep your connectivity clean and cost‑predictable. If you just want a solution: country eSIMs are best when you settle in one place; regional EU eSIMs shine for multi‑country hops. Keep reading for the details and how to choose.

The quick version: Fair‑use vs 90/180

90/180 rule: Immigration. Most visa‑exempt visitors can stay in the Schengen Area up to 90 days in any 180‑day period. Nothing to do with mobile plans.
EU roaming fair use: Telecom. EU/EEA operators let their customers “roam like at home” across the EU. To stop permanent roaming, they can apply fair‑use checks over a four‑month window and, if triggered, add regulated surcharges after warning you.
Regional travel eSIMs: These are made for roaming. They don’t rely on EU “roam like at home” privileges, so the home‑vs‑abroad test usually doesn’t apply. Instead, your limit is the plan’s validity and data allowance.

For country coverage quirks (e.g., Switzerland, UK post‑Brexit), see Destinations.

What the EU fair‑use policy actually says (for travellers)

EU “Roam Like at Home” (RLAH) protects EU/EEA subscribers using their home mobile plan around the bloc. It applies primarily if you hold an EU plan with an EU operator.

The home‑presence and usage test (4‑month window)

Your EU operator can watch usage over at least four months. If both are true, they may flag permanent roaming:

1) You’ve been more time “abroad” than “at home,” and
2) You used more data while roaming than you did at home.

If they detect this, they must warn you and give at least 14 days to change your pattern (e.g., use the line domestically or reduce roaming). If nothing changes, they can add small, regulated surcharges on roaming usage. Your service isn’t cut off, but costs rise.

Data caps on “unlimited” plans while roaming

If your domestic plan is unlimited or very cheap per GB, your operator can set a specific fair‑use roaming data allowance, calculated from your plan price and EU wholesale caps. The allowance and any out‑of‑bundle surcharge must be clearly communicated. Always read the roaming section of your tariff.

Residency or “stable links”

Operators can ask for proof of residency or stable links (study, work) when you buy or keep a domestic plan. This isn’t immigration control; it’s to ensure domestic plans aren’t used as permanent roaming products.

Warnings and surcharges

You’ll receive a warning before any fair‑use surcharge applies.
Surcharges are capped by EU rules and reviewed periodically.
Paying a surcharge doesn’t fix the root cause. If your lifestyle is long‑term roaming, reconsider your setup (see below).

Note: RLAH covers EU/EEA. It does not automatically include Switzerland or the UK. Check Destinations before you go.

Residency vs roaming: which bucket are you in?

Students with a local contract (resident or stable link)

If you study in, say, France and sign up for a French mobile plan using local documentation, France becomes your “home” for that line. Your everyday use in France typically outweighs your time abroad, so your weekend trips to Spain or a fortnight in Italy sit comfortably within fair use. For deeper country fit, see Esim France, Esim Spain and Esim Italy.

Digital nomads and long‑stay visitors (non‑resident)

If you don’t have EU residency and you rely on a single EU domestic SIM while rarely returning to its home country, you’re likely to trip the fair‑use test after a few months. Two cleaner options:

Use country eSIMs in each country you stay in for a month or two; or
Use a regional travel eSIM designed for roaming around Europe.

How regional eSIMs fit into long stays

Regional travel eSIMs are built for cross‑border use. Instead of offering a domestic plan with RLAH, they provide roaming access in multiple countries from day one. This sidesteps the “domestic vs roaming” test entirely.

Multi‑country coverage: A single profile that works across much of the EU. See Esim Western Europe for a practical one‑SIM solve when you’re rotating through EU hubs.
Validity and data: Plans come with defined validity (e.g., 15–90 days) and data buckets. If you run out, top up or add another plan—no residency checks.
Outside the EU: Heading to or from North America? Pair your Europe plan with Esim North America or set up before you fly with Esim United States.

When you’re staying a whole term in one country, a local eSIM can be cheaper for heavy data. For multi‑country months, regional usually wins on simplicity.

When to choose a country eSIM vs a regional EU eSIM

Choose a country eSIM when:
You’ll spend 30+ days in one country and use lots of data.
You need local rates for domestic calls or long‑term top‑ups.
Example pages: Esim France, Esim Italy, Esim Spain.
Choose a regional EU eSIM when:
You’ll cross borders frequently (e.g., 3–6 countries over 2–4 months).
You prefer one number/data plan to manage across the trip.
See: Esim Western Europe.

Use dual‑SIM: keep your primary line for authentication calls/SMS, and set the travel eSIM as your data line.

Step‑by‑step: Students (semester or year abroad)

1) Get a local plan in your host country
- Sign up with local ID/student proof. Your host country becomes “home” for that plan.

2) Read the roaming section of your tariff
- Note any roaming data caps and the four‑month fair‑use window.

3) Use your host‑country SIM domestically most of the time
- Weekend trips are fine. Long multi‑month trips outside your host country might trigger warnings.

4) Add a regional eSIM for holiday stretches
- If you’ll travel for several weeks, switch your data line to Esim Western Europe to avoid breaching your domestic plan’s fair‑use pattern.

5) Keep alerts on
- Don’t ignore SMS warnings. You usually get at least 14 days to adjust your usage before surcharges apply.

6) Check non‑EU neighbours
- UK/Switzerland often sit outside inclusive roaming. Verify on Destinations before you go.

Step‑by‑step: Digital nomads (90–180 days across EU)

1) Decide your pattern
- Many short stays in multiple countries? Start with a regional plan. One or two long stops? Mix in country eSIMs for each stop.

2) Set up before you move
- Install the eSIM profile while you have reliable Wi‑Fi. Test with a small top‑up.

3) Use dual‑SIM smartly
- Keep your home SIM active for 2FA/texts. Set the travel eSIM as the default for data.

4) Rotate plans, not penalties
- Regional eSIMs like Esim Western Europe are priced for roaming and won’t run into EU “permanent roaming” tests. When staying put, switch to the local country plan (e.g., Esim Spain).

5) Avoid long‑term reliance on a single EU domestic plan
- If you don’t live there, the four‑month fair‑use pattern will likely catch up and add surcharges.

6) Leaving or arriving via the US/Canada?
- Bridge the gap with Esim North America or sort stateside coverage with Esim United States.

Worked examples

Student in France, 9 months, frequent trips
You take a French plan as your main line. You spend most days in France, with occasional weekends in Spain/Italy. You remain well within fair use. For a four‑week summer rail trip, you add Esim Western Europe for data and keep the French SIM for calls/SMS.
Nomad, 5 months, 5 countries
Month in Portugal, then Spain, France, Belgium, Netherlands. You use a regional plan for months 1–3. For months 4–5, because you’re stationary and need more data, you add Esim Spain and Esim France during those longer stays. No EU domestic fair‑use checks apply to your regional eSIM; the country eSIMs are priced for local use when you’re settled.
US visitor, 2 months in Italy with side trips
You keep your US number active for banking but avoid pricey long‑term roaming on your domestic US plan. You install Esim Italy for the base month and add a short regional top‑up for a two‑week loop through neighbouring countries.

Pro tips to stay compliant and connected

Track days and data: set a calendar reminder every time you cross a border and use your phone’s data counter per SIM.
Respect SMS warnings: they are your early‑warning system before surcharges.
Prefer Wi‑Fi calling and messaging apps for cross‑border calls.
Use hotspot sparingly if your plan restricts tethering.
Check country exceptions on Destinations before visiting microstates or non‑EU neighbours.
Business travellers: corporate pools can smooth roaming costs—see For Business or partner with us via the Partner Hub.

FAQ

Q1: Does the Schengen 90/180‑day rule limit my mobile usage?
A: No. 90/180 is immigration. EU telecom fair use is separate. You could be within your visa limit yet still trigger a roaming fair‑use surcharge—or vice versa.

Q2: How long can I roam on an EU domestic plan before fair‑use kicks in?
A: Operators check at least a four‑month window. If, in that period, you spend more time and use more data abroad than at home, they can warn you and later add regulated surcharges.

Q3: I have an “unlimited” EU plan. Is roaming unlimited too?
A: Not necessarily. Operators can set a specific fair‑use roaming data cap for unlimited/low‑cost plans and must tell you the allowance and any surcharge once you hit it.

Q4: Do regional travel eSIMs have fair‑use limits?
A: They’re built for roaming, so the EU “home vs abroad” test doesn’t apply. You’re bound by the plan’s validity and data bucket, plus any reasonable‑use terms (e.g., hotspot limits). For multi‑country trips, see Esim Western Europe.

Q5: If I buy a French SIM, can I spend the summer in Italy on it?
A: Yes, but extended, heavier use outside France could trigger the four‑month fair‑use test. For a long Italy stay, switch to Esim Italy or add a regional eSIM for the travel leg.

Q6: I’m a US traveller. Should I rely on my US plan’s roaming?
A: For short trips, maybe. For long stays, many US plans throttle or cap roaming after a few weeks. It’s usually better value to keep your US number for SMS and run EU data on a regional or country eSIM. Start here: Esim United States and Esim Western Europe.

Next step

Plan your route, pick your coverage: explore country and regional options on Esim Western Europe, then check country specifics via Destinations.

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Andes Highlights (3 Weeks): Peru–Bolivia–Chile–Argentina Connectivity

Planning a south america itinerary 3 weeks through the high Andes? This route stitches together Peru’s Sacred Valley, Bolivia’s La Paz and Salar de Uyuni, Chile’s Atacama Desert, and northern Argentina’s quebradas or Mendoza wine country—often by long-distance bus and a couple of short flights. Connectivity is different at altitude: coverage is strong in cities but drops in high passes and salt flats; bus Wi‑Fi is patchy; border towns can be blackspots. The smart move is an eSIM with multi‑country coverage, backed by offline maps, offline translations, and a simple routine for crossing borders by bus without losing service. Below you’ll find a practical, connectivity-first itinerary; checklists to prep your phone, apps and documents; and on-the-ground tips for staying online where it matters: booking transport, hailing taxis, backing up photos, and navigating when the signal disappears.If you’re transiting via Europe or North America, you can also add a layover eSIM to stay connected door-to-door. Start with our country list on Destinations, then follow the steps, and you won’t waste time chasing SIM shops at 3,500 metres.The 3‑week Andes route at a glanceWeek 1: Peru (Cusco, Sacred Valley, Machu Picchu) - Fly into Cusco (or Lima then connect). - Base in Cusco; day trips to Pisac/Chinchero/Maras–Moray. - Train to Aguas Calientes; Machu Picchu visit; return to Cusco or continue to Puno/Lake Titicaca.Week 2: Bolivia and Chile (La Paz, Uyuni, San Pedro de Atacama) - Bus/collectivo via Copacabana to La Paz. - Fly or overnight bus to Uyuni. - 3‑day Uyuni–altiplano tour ending in San Pedro de Atacama (Chile).Week 3: Chile and Argentina (Atacama to Salta or Mendoza/Buenos Aires) - Choose: - North: San Pedro to Salta/Jujuy by bus; fly to Buenos Aires. - Or South: San Pedro–Calama flight to Santiago; bus or flight to Mendoza; onward to Buenos Aires.Connectivity notes (quick): - Cities: generally strong 4G/4G+; 5G in major hubs (Santiago, Buenos Aires). - Altitude/rural: expect long no‑signal stretches (Uyuni, altiplano passes, Paso Jama). - Bus Wi‑Fi: often advertised, rarely reliable. Plan to be offline onboard. - Border regions: networks switch; a multi‑country eSIM avoids sudden loss.eSIM vs local SIMs for a 4‑country tripFor a route with multiple borders and remote legs, eSIM wins on time and reliability.What a multi‑country eSIM gets you: - One plan across Peru, Bolivia, Chile, Argentina (check coverage per country on Destinations). - No passport/SIM registration queues at kiosks. - Keep your home number active on the physical SIM for calls/SMS codes. - Instant top‑ups if you burn data on photos or navigation.When a local SIM still helps: - Long stay in one country with heavy data use (e.g., a month in Buenos Aires). - Dead zones where a different local network performs better (rarely worth the hassle on a 3‑week pace).Practical approach: - Use an eSIM as your primary data line across all four countries. - If you find a specific local network far better in one region, add a cheap local SIM and keep the eSIM as backup.Device readiness checklist (before you fly)1) Check eSIM compatibility and SIM‑lock status on your phone.2) Buy and install your eSIM while on home Wi‑Fi. Keep a PDF/printed copy of the QR code.3) Label lines clearly (e.g., “eSIM Andes Data”, “Home SIM”).4) Turn on data roaming for the eSIM; leave roaming off for your home SIM to avoid charges.5) Set up dual‑SIM rules: data on eSIM; calls/SMS default to home SIM if needed.6) Download offline: Google Maps/Organic Maps for all target regions; language packs (Spanish at minimum); bus/air tickets; hotel confirmations.7) Cloud backups: set to upload on Wi‑Fi only; pre‑create shared albums for travel companions.8) Test tethering/hotspot with your laptop/tablet.If you’re transiting popular hubs, consider a short layover eSIM: - USA connections: add an Esim United States or a broader Esim North America.- Europe connections: Madrid/Barcelona? Use an Esim Spain. Paris or Rome? See Esim France and Esim Italy. Multi‑country layovers? Try Esim Western Europe.City‑by‑city connectivity notesCusco & the Sacred Valley (Peru)Coverage: Good in Cusco city; variable in high villages (Maras/Moray) and along Inca Trail approaches.Tips: Download Sacred Valley maps offline; pin viewpoints and ruins. most taxis use WhatsApp—save your accommodation’s number.Machu Picchu/Aguas Calientes: Patchy to none at the citadel. Upload your photos later; don’t rely on live ticket retrieval.Lake Titicaca: Puno and CopacabanaPuno: Reasonable 4G; bus terminals crowded—screenshot QR tickets.Crossing to Copacabana: Expect a signal drop around the border; have directions saved offline.La Paz (Bolivia)Good urban 4G; the cable car network has decent signal but tunnels do not.Yungas/“Death Road” tours: Mountain valleys cause dead zones—share your emergency contacts with the operator, carry a charged power bank, and don’t plan remote calls.Uyuni and the Altiplano (Bolivia to Chile)Uyuni town: OK 4G; ATMs finicky—use Wi‑Fi for banking apps.Salt flats/lagunas: Assume offline for most of the 3‑day tour. Guides often carry satellite phones; agree a pickup time/place in San Pedro and preload your map route.San Pedro de Atacama (Chile)Town: Solid 4G; accommodations often have Wi‑Fi but speeds vary.Geysers, Valle de la Luna: Offline navigation essential; sunrise trips start before mobile networks wake up in some areas.Salta/Jujuy or Mendoza/Buenos Aires (Argentina)Salta/Jujuy: Good city coverage; quebradas have long no‑signal sections.Mendoza: City 4G/5G; vineyards outside town can be patchy.Buenos Aires: Strong 4G/5G; ideal for cloud backups and large downloads before you fly home.Border crossings by bus: step‑by‑stepThe big ones on this route: Peru–Bolivia (Puno/Copacabana), Bolivia–Chile (Uyuni–San Pedro via Hito Cajón), Chile–Argentina (Paso Jama to Salta or Los Libertadores to Mendoza).How to keep service and sanity:1) The day before:- Top up your eSIM data.- Confirm your plan includes both countries you’re entering/leaving.- Download offline maps for both sides of the border and your town of arrival.- Save bus company WhatsApp and terminal address offline.2) On departure morning:- Keep a paper copy or offline PDF of tickets, insurance, and accommodation proof.- Charge phone and power bank; pack a short cable in your daypack.3) On the bus:- Don’t count on bus Wi‑Fi. Keep your eSIM as primary, but expect drops near mountain passes.- If your phone supports it, enable “Wi‑Fi calling” for later when you reach accommodation Wi‑Fi.4) At the border posts:- Data may be unavailable. Keep QR codes and booking numbers offline.- After exiting one country and entering the next, toggle Airplane Mode off/on to re‑register on the new network.- If the eSIM doesn’t attach, manually select a network in Mobile Settings.5) Arrival:- Send your accommodation a quick WhatsApp when you’re back online.- Recheck your eSIM’s data roaming is on; confirm you’re on an in‑country network, not a weak roaming partner.Pro tips: - Dual profiles: If your eSIM allows, keep a secondary profile for a different network in the same country—helpful in border towns.- Cash buffer: Some border terminals don’t accept cards; download a currency converter for offline use.Offline survival kit (5‑minute setup)Maps: Download regions for Cusco, Sacred Valley, Puno, La Paz, Uyuni, San Pedro, Salta/Jujuy or Mendoza, and Buenos Aires.Translations: Download Spanish for offline use; add phrasebook favourites (bus tickets, directions, dietary needs).Documents: Save PDFs of passports, tickets, hotel addresses; star them for quick access.Rides: Screenshots of pickup points; pin bus terminals and hotel doors.Entertainment: Podcasts and playlists for long bus legs, set to download on Wi‑Fi only.Altitude and your tech: what changesCoverage gaps lengthen: Fewer towers at high altitude; valleys can block signal. Assume offline on remote excursions.Batteries drain faster in cold: Keep your phone warm and carry a power bank (10,000–20,000 mAh).Hotel Wi‑Fi may be congested: Schedule big uploads (photo backups, app updates) for big-city stays like Santiago or Buenos Aires.GPS still works offline: Your blue dot shows on offline maps without data—preload everything.Data budgeting for 3 weeksTypical traveller usage across this route: - Messaging/Maps/Bookings: 0.2–0.5 GB/day- Social and photo sharing: 0.3–0.7 GB/day- Occasional video calls/streaming: 0.5–1.0 GB/dayFor a mixed-use trip, plan 15–25 GB for 3 weeks. Heavy creators should double it and upload over hotel Wi‑Fi when possible. If you work remotely, consider a higher‑capacity plan and a backup eSIM; see our guidance on For Business.Practical route with transport and connectivity cuesDays 1–4 Cusco base: Strong city signal; day trips may be spotty—go offline-ready.Days 5–6 Machu Picchu: Expect no service at the ruins; sync tickets ahead.Days 7–8 Puno to La Paz via Copacabana: Border signal drop; re‑register networks after crossing.Days 9–11 Uyuni tour to San Pedro: Treat as offline; charge nightly; carry spare cables.Days 12–14 San Pedro: Stable in town; tours offline; top up data before Paso Jama.Days 15–17 Salta/Jujuy or Mendoza: Good urban 4G; rural patches are offline.Days 18–21 Buenos Aires: Strongest connectivity of the trip; clear your uploads and map downloads for the flight home.Partnering and stopover extrasHospitality and tour operators in the Andes: help your guests stay connected—explore co‑branded solutions via our Partner Hub.Transatlantic flyers: test your eSIM setup on a layover with an Esim United States or Esim Western Europe before hitting high-altitude blackspots.FAQs1) Do I need a local SIM in each country?No. A multi‑country eSIM covering Peru, Bolivia, Chile and Argentina is simpler and works well for a 3‑week pace. Consider a local SIM only if you’ll spend longer in one country and want the absolute best regional coverage.2) Will my WhatsApp number change with an eSIM?No. WhatsApp is tied to your registered number, not your data line. Keep your home SIM active for voice/SMS (roaming off if you wish), and use the eSIM for data—WhatsApp continues as normal.3) Can I hotspot to my laptop or camera?Yes. Enable tethering on your eSIM. Mind your data: cloud backups and OS updates can burn gigabytes—set them to Wi‑Fi only or schedule in big cities.4) What if there’s no signal on the Uyuni/Atacama legs?That’s expected. GPS still works offline. Pre-download maps and translations, carry a power bank, and sync plans with your tour operator before departure.5) Will I get roaming charges at borders?If you’re using a multi‑country eSIM with coverage in both countries, you won’t incur extra roaming fees from your home carrier. Keep roaming off on your home SIM to avoid accidental use.6) I’m connecting via Europe or the US—worth getting a layover eSIM?Yes. It’s an easy way to test your setup and stay reachable. Try Esim North America or country options like Esim Spain, Esim France, or Esim Italy for common hubs.Next step: Browse South America coverage options and build your plan on Destinations.

31 Oct 2025

Germany eSIM & Mobile Internet Guide (2025): Coverage, FUP, Airport Steps

Planning data for Germany in 2025? This guide shows you how to pick the right eSIM, get online at Frankfurt (FRA) and Munich (MUC) in minutes, and stay connected on busy ICE train corridors. Germany has some of Europe’s strongest 4G and fast-expanding 5G networks, but performance varies by carrier, region and even by train window tint. We’ll cover which networks typically deliver the best speeds, what to expect on long‑distance trains, and how EU Fair Use Policy (FUP) affects roaming if you’re crossing borders. If you’re moving through Western Europe, we’ll also flag when a regional plan beats a local one. Ready to travel? Head to our Destinations page to view Germany eSIM options, or keep reading for practical, step‑by‑step advice.Quick Take: Is an eSIM right for Germany?Coverage: Excellent 4G nationwide; 5G strong in cities and along major transport corridors.Best networks: Telekom (widest/fastest), Vodafone (strong urban/suburban), O2/Telefónica (good value, improving).Trains: Expect intermittent drops in tunnels and rural stretches; choose Telekom or Vodafone for steadier coverage on main ICE routes.EU travel: If you’ll visit France, Italy or Spain on the same trip, consider a regional plan like Esim Western Europe rather than a Germany‑only eSIM.Airport setup: You can install and activate within 2–3 minutes on free airport Wi‑Fi at FRA or MUC.Networks and Coverage: What to expect in 2025Germany’s three major networks are:Telekom (Deutsche Telekom)VodafoneO2/Telefónica GermanyWhat you’ll likely see on a quality travel eSIM that supports 4G/5G:Cities (Berlin, Munich, Frankfurt, Hamburg, Cologne, Düsseldorf, Stuttgart): 5G widely available on Telekom and Vodafone, increasingly on O2. Typical speeds:Telekom 5G: 150–500 Mbps in strong cells; 4G 40–150 Mbps.Vodafone 5G: 100–300 Mbps; 4G 30–120 Mbps.O2 5G: 60–200 Mbps; 4G 20–80 Mbps.Suburban/regional towns: 4G is solid; 5G more variable. Expect 20–120 Mbps.Rural/remote: Coverage is broad on 4G but speed can drop below 20 Mbps. Black Forest valleys, Eifel, Harz, some Bavarian Alps and Mecklenburg‑Western Pomerania have patchier signal.Indoors: Modern offices and trains use coated glass that weakens signal. In trains, choose carriages with repeater icons or sit near doors.Pro tips: - If 5G handovers feel “sticky” while moving at speed, lock to 4G/LTE for stability (you’ll still stream HD). - Use Wi‑Fi calling when indoor coverage is marginal.Train Corridor Coverage: ICE routes that matterGermany’s ICE network is fast but demands a smart mobile setup. Here’s what to expect:Stronger corridors (best chance of steady 4G/5G): - Berlin–Hamburg - Berlin–Munich via Leipzig/Erfurt (VDE 8 high‑speed route) - Frankfurt–Cologne high‑speed line - Munich–Nuremberg high‑speed line - Rhine‑Ruhr mesh (Cologne–Düsseldorf–Duisburg–Dortmund–Essen) - Hamburg–Bremen–HanoverMore variable segments: - Sections through long tunnels (Thuringian Forest on Berlin–Munich; Siegburg/Montabaur area on Frankfurt–Cologne) - Rural stretches in Bavaria, Brandenburg and Mecklenburg - Alpine approaches south of MunichOn‑train realities: - Deutsche Bahn’s ICE Wi‑Fi aggregates multiple mobile networks but can slow at peaks. - Windows attenuate signal; modern sets use signal‑permeable panes, but older stock still weakens reception.Train pro tips: - Sit near carriage doors or under the repeater symbol for stronger signal. - Prefer Telekom or Vodafone networks if your eSIM lets you choose; they generally perform best along main lines. - Toggle “4G/LTE only” if 5G causes frequent dropouts at 250–300 km/h. - Download offline maps/playlists before boarding; set apps to “data saver”.Germany only or regional? Picking the right planChoose a Germany‑only eSIM if: - Your trip is entirely within Germany and you want the best in‑country rates.Choose a regional eSIM if: - You’re visiting neighbouring countries on the same itinerary. For example: - Germany + France: see Esim France - Germany + Italy: see Esim Italy - Germany + Spain: see Esim Spain - Multi‑country: see Esim Western EuropeBusiness travel across multiple markets? Centralise with pooled or multi‑line bundles via For Business. Partners and TMCs can explore co‑branded or embedded flows in our Partner Hub.EU FUP explained: How Fair Use affects roamingIf your plan includes EU/EEA roaming: - Roam‑like‑at‑home: You can use your plan across EU/EEA without extra charges, subject to Fair Use. - Roaming data cap: Your roamable data may be lower than your domestic allowance. Providers clearly state this cap (e.g., “20 GB in EU”). Once you hit it, speed may reduce or you may pay a small surcharge. - Long‑term roaming checks: If you spend more time roaming than at “home” over a rolling 4‑month window, some providers can apply a small surcharge after warning you. - Tethering: Usually allowed; intensive hotspotting could be rate‑limited by some plans. - Wholesale caps: EU cost caps continue to fall through 2030, helping keep retail roaming fair, but they don’t guarantee unlimited roaming data.If you buy a Germany‑only eSIM: - It may not roam outside Germany unless the plan states EU coverage. If you plan cross‑border trains (e.g., Munich–Salzburg or Cologne–Brussels), choose an EU‑enabled or regional plan.Device compatibility and setup basicsCompatible phones: - Apple: iPhone XR/XS and newer support eSIM; iPhone 14+ in some regions are eSIM‑only. - Samsung: Galaxy S20/S20+ and newer (incl. Fold/Flip lines) with eSIM variant. - Google: Pixel 4 and newer. - Others: Many recent Android flagships support eSIM; check your exact model/region.Before you fly: - Update iOS/Android. - Unlock your device from any carrier lock. - Add a payment card for app stores if you’ll install via app. - Download offline maps and transport tickets just in case.How to get online at Frankfurt (FRA) and Munich (MUC)You can install and activate your eSIM in 2–3 minutes using airport Wi‑Fi.FRA: Step‑by‑step on arrivalEnable Airplane Mode, then turn Wi‑Fi back on.Join “Frankfurt Airport” free Wi‑Fi (follow the on‑screen portal).Open your eSIM email or app. Have your QR code ready (screenshot/printout helps).iOS: Settings > Mobile Data > Add eSIM > Use QR code. Android: Settings > Network & Internet > SIMs > Add eSIM.Label the line “Germany eSIM”. Set “Mobile Data” to the new eSIM; keep your home SIM for calls if needed.Turn on Data Roaming for the eSIM.Enter the APN if prompted (use the APN provided in your activation email).Toggle Airplane Mode off. Wait 30–60 seconds for signal.Test with a speed check or map load.MUC: Step‑by‑step on arrivalAirplane Mode on; Wi‑Fi on.Connect to “Munich Airport” Wi‑Fi (free, no time limit).Add the eSIM via QR/app as above.Data line = eSIM; Voice line = your preference.Enable Data Roaming; add APN if prompted.Toggle Airplane Mode off; confirm 4G/5G icon appears.Test navigation to your hotel or S‑Bahn route.Airport tips: - If activation stalls, restart the phone and re‑enable the eSIM line. - Move nearer terminal windows for better initial signal. - Need a backup? Airport Wi‑Fi is reliable for calls/messages via apps until mobile data is live.Optimising performance in cities and on trainsPrefer 5G where strong; otherwise lock to LTE for smoother handoffs while moving.Disable “Low Data Mode/Data Saver” once you’re stable to allow background syncs.Hotspotting works well for laptops; expect 10–50 Mbps on 4G in most urban areas.Use messaging apps with offline queues for tunnels (WhatsApp/Teams).Download Bahn tickets to Apple/Google Wallet for offline inspection.Crossing borders by rail or roadNetwork switching: Your phone should automatically register on partner networks as you enter France, Italy, Austria, or the Netherlands. If not, manually select a major carrier in Settings.APN: Usually unchanged across EU on a regional plan. If you move from a Germany‑only eSIM to another country, verify that your plan includes EU roaming.Popular multi‑country routes:Munich–Salzburg/Vienna (Austria)Cologne–Brussels/AmsterdamBerlin–PragueIf your trip spans several countries, compare regional packs on Esim Western Europe. City‑hopping to Paris, Milan or Barcelona? Also see Esim France, Esim Italy and Esim Spain.Troubleshooting checklistNo service after install:Confirm Data Line = eSIM; Data Roaming = On.Restart the device.Manually select Telekom/Vodafone/O2 in Network Selection.Re‑enter APN from your activation email.Slow speeds:Move near a window; turn off VPN.Lock to 4G/LTE on trains for stability.Try another network if available.Can’t scan QR:Use the activation code via “Enter details manually”.Install from the provider app over Wi‑Fi.FAQ1) Which network is best for coverage and speed in Germany?Telekom generally leads for both coverage and peak speeds, especially in cities and along major ICE lines. Vodafone is close behind with strong urban/suburban performance. O2/Telefónica has improved rapidly and offers good value, but rural coverage can be patchier.2) Will my Germany eSIM work elsewhere in the EU?Only if the plan includes EU roaming or you choose a regional product. Germany‑only plans may be restricted to Germany. For multi‑country trips, consider Esim Western Europe.3) How does EU Fair Use (FUP) affect me?With EU‑enabled plans you can roam across the EU/EEA at domestic‑like rates, but providers often set a roaming data cap (e.g., a subset of your total data). Extended roaming without time in the “home” country over several months can trigger a small surcharge after warning.4) Can I hotspot my laptop from a travel eSIM?Yes—tethering is supported on modern eSIM‑capable devices. Watch your data usage if you run updates or cloud syncs. On 4G/5G in cities, 10–100+ Mbps is typical; on trains it varies more.5) How do I ensure stable data on high‑speed trains?Sit near doors or in carriages with repeater symbols, cache maps offline, and consider setting your phone to LTE only to reduce 5G handover interruptions at 250–300 km/h. Telekom and Vodafone tend to be more consistent along main corridors.6) I’m flying in from North America—anything special to know?Most recent iPhones, Pixels and Galaxy devices from the US/Canada work fine in Europe. Ensure they’re carrier‑unlocked and support European bands. Planning onward travel? See Esim United States for trips in the other direction or Esim North America for broader regional coverage.Final tips before you goSave your eSIM QR code offline (PDF/screenshot) and print a backup.Keep your home SIM active for calls/SMS 2FA while using eSIM for data.Turn on Wi‑Fi Calling for clearer indoor calls.Monitor usage in Settings; set alerts at 80% and 100% of your allowance.Next step: Compare Germany plans and regional options on our Destinations page and pick the eSIM that matches your route and data needs.

30 Oct 2025

Bangkok Speed Test: BKK/DMK Airports, BTS/MRT, Old City

Traveller data performance in Bangkok is a story of two cities: excellent 5G in modern corridors, and uneven throughput where tourists actually linger. This bangkok mobile speed test focuses on the transit spine most visitors use—Suvarnabhumi (BKK) and Don Mueang (DMK) airports, the BTS Skytrain, the MRT, and the Old City (Rattanakosin, incl. Khao San). We ran day-vs-night comparisons across crowded windows and quieter hours. The topline: Bangkok can be blisteringly fast, but speed swings are real during peak passenger surges and at dense nightlife hotspots. Underground MRT holds steady but is rarely the quickest; BTS platforms outperform trains in motion; airport arrivals are the slowest zones you’ll hit on arrival, especially mid‑day.This report is part of Simology’s Connectivity Lab series. We publish our raw measurements—download and upload throughput, latency, jitter and loss—as an open CSV for independent analysis. You can access methodology notes and the dataset via our Partner Hub, and browse more country snapshots on Destinations. If you’re flying onward to the US or Europe, we also link relevant eSIM options below.How we tested (field protocol)Devices: iPhone 15 Pro and Pixel 8 (dual-SIM eSIM), both 5G-capable.Networks: leading Thai operators (multi-network eSIM profiles); automatic network selection enabled.Tools: Ookla Speedtest app + nPerf cross-check; 3–5 runs per location per time window; medians reported.Time windows:Morning peak: 07:00–09:30Midday: 12:00–14:00Evening peak: 17:00–20:00Late night: 22:30–00:30Locations: BKK and DMK landside/airside zones, BTS core stations and on-train, MRT Blue/Purple platforms and in-car, Old City street-level (Grand Palace perimeter, Khao San Road, Phra Athit).SIM plans: 5G bundles with high fair-use thresholds (FUPs ≥100 GB) to avoid throttling during tests.Pro tip: - Before testing, toggle aeroplane mode for 10 seconds to refresh radio attach and clear stale sessions.Snapshot findings (medians across operators)Suvarnabhumi (BKK), main concourses:Day: 120–180 Mbps down, 18–35 Mbps up, 18–28 ms latencyNight: 250–420 Mbps down, 25–55 Mbps up, 15–22 ms latencyDon Mueang (DMK), older terminals:Day: 60–95 Mbps down, 12–25 Mbps up, 22–35 ms latencyNight: 130–200 Mbps down, 16–40 Mbps up, 18–28 ms latencyBTS Skytrain (platforms vs on-train):Platforms (core): 140–260 Mbps day, 210–380 Mbps nightOn-train (moving): 70–140 Mbps day, 120–220 Mbps night; brief dips during handoversMRT Blue Line (underground):Platforms: 80–150 Mbps day, 110–180 Mbps nightIn-car: 55–110 Mbps day, 90–140 Mbps night; latency 25–40 msOld City (Rattanakosin incl. Khao San):Day: 45–95 Mbps down, 10–20 Mbps upNight (21:00–23:30): 18–60 Mbps down, 8–16 Mbps up; crowd saturation often visibleNight-time generally yields 1.6–2.2× faster downloads in airports and on BTS; the Old City is the exception—heavy evening footfall compresses capacity.Airports: Suvarnabhumi (BKK) vs Don Mueang (DMK)BKK highlightsArrivals hall (Level 2): most congested zone. Midday medians: 90–140 Mbps down; uplink 15–25 Mbps. Night jumps to 220–320 Mbps.Check-in (Level 4) and security airside lounges: consistently faster—150–240 Mbps day, 280–450 Mbps night.Gate areas near outer piers (A/B/G): slight slowdowns compared with central concourses due to cell edge; expect 110–180 Mbps midday.What this means: - Cloud check-ins, media uploads and maps updates are painless outside arrivals. If you need a big app update, do it airside or later at your hotel Wi‑Fi.DMK highlightsOlder building fabric and crowd bursts around low-cost departures trim speeds.Landside halls: 60–90 Mbps day; 130–180 Mbps late night.Airside at newer gates: modest uplift—80–120 Mbps day.Traveller tip: - If your eSIM QR fails to activate in a packed arrivals hall, walk 100–150 metres to a quieter corner or head airside post-immigration on departure for a clean activation.Transit corridor: BTS SkytrainPlatforms vs on-trainPlatforms in central sections (Siam, Asok, Chit Lom): strongest performance. Day medians around 160–220 Mbps; late night 250–380 Mbps.On-train in motion: handovers between cells reduce peak throughput. Day medians 80–120 Mbps; late night 130–200 Mbps.Bottlenecks: river crossing near Saphan Taksin can cause quick drops; expect momentary sub‑50 Mbps dips.Checklist: to keep signal stable on BTS - Stand near carriage windows rather than doors flanked by advertising wraps and electronics clusters. - Pause large uploads until the train stops at a station platform. - Disable Wi‑Fi assist features that hop onto weak captive portals at stations.Transit corridor: MRT Blue and Purple LinesUnderground systems use in-tunnel coverage that prioritises continuity over raw peaks.Platforms: 90–140 Mbps (day), 120–170 Mbps (night). Latency sits 25–35 ms.In-car: 60–100 Mbps (day), 90–130 Mbps (night), with very low jitter—good for calls.Uploads are the MRT’s weak spot during peaks, sometimes dipping to 8–15 Mbps at interchange stations.Pro tip: - For video calls, MRT beats BTS during rush hour thanks to fewer handovers. Drop your video resolution to 480p/720p for consistent results.Old City and Khao San: the tricky zoneAround the Grand Palace and Sanam Luang: decent mid‑day 4G/5G, 60–110 Mbps down.Khao San Road and Rambuttri at night: saturation is common. We saw 18–40 Mbps down, uplink under 12 Mbps on busy nights.Latency spikes (40–65 ms) and jitter can skew live streams and real‑time translations when bars are full.Workarounds: - Step one block off Khao San to regain 2–3× throughput. - Schedule heavy uploads (drone footage, backups) outside 20:00–23:30. - If a booking app struggles at peak, toggle 5G off to force stable 4G where 5G is patchy; re‑enable later.Day vs night: where the delta mattersAirports: night delivers 2× throughput on average; best time to activate eSIMs, download offline maps, or upload reels.BTS: platforms show the biggest night boost; trains benefit less but still gain ~50–80%.MRT: steady gains of ~40–60% at night.Old City: inverse trend—night crowds reduce speeds by up to 50%.If your itinerary is tight, time your big data tasks for late evening at your hotel or after you clear airport security.Practical tips to stay fastPick a 5G plan with a high fair-use threshold (≥100 GB). Some “unlimited” plans throttle heavily after small caps.On iOS/Android, disable Low Data/Data Saver modes during navigation or tethering.Use offline maps for the Old City to avoid turn-by-turn hiccups in crowded alleys.Speedtest sanity check: run two providers (e.g., Speedtest and nPerf) and take the median.If tethering a laptop on BTS/MRT, cap cloud backup syncs to “paused on mobile data”.Going beyond Thailand soon? Consider region-friendly eSIMs such as Esim Western Europe, Esim North America, or single-country packs like Esim United States, Esim France, Esim Italy and Esim Spain.Reproduce our bangkok mobile speed test (step-by-step)Install two test apps: Ookla Speedtest and nPerf.Toggle aeroplane mode for 10 seconds; confirm 5G is available.Disable VPNs, Low Data/Data Saver and battery saver modes.Run 3 tests back-to-back, discard clear outliers (>2× from median).Move 10–15 metres and repeat to avoid a single-cell artefact.Log results with timestamp, GPS, operator, RAT (5G/4G), and note whether stationary or in motion.For train tests, mark station vs in-car and direction of travel.Dataset fields we publish: - timestamp_utc, lat, lon, location_name, venue_type (airport/platform/train/street), operator, radio (5G/4G), download_mbps, upload_mbps, latency_ms, jitter_ms, packet_loss_pct, device, notesOpen CSV access: - Download the raw CSV and notes from the Simology Partner Hub. You can filter by venue_type to isolate airports, BTS/MRT, or Old City snapshots.Example row (condensed, one line): 2025-02-18T12:42:00Z,13.9124,100.6068,BKK Arrivals L2,airport,AIS,5G,132.4,22.8,24,6,0.3,iPhone15Pro,midday crowdWhat this means for different travellersFirst-time visitors: don’t judge Bangkok speeds by the arrivals hall. Expect a strong uplift once you’re out of BKK/DMK or a few hours later.Remote workers: MRT is the safer choice for in-transit calls. For uploads, wait for platforms or quiet hours.Creators: plan story uploads for late night or hotel Wi‑Fi; shoot in the Old City, upload from Siam/Asok or back at base.Teams on the move: standardise a quick bandwidth check routine. For centralised reporting and fleet eSIM controls, see Simology For Business.For more country-by-country connectivity snapshots, head to Destinations.FAQ1) Is 5G widely available in central Bangkok? - Yes. 5G covers most city districts, major malls, BTS/MRT stations and both airports. Underground MRT is consistent but not the fastest; Old City at night is the patchiest.2) Why are airport arrivals slower than departures? - Crowding, radio noise and many devices reattaching at once. Airside and higher concourses usually have better cell distribution and less interference.3) Are BTS trains bad for video calls? - Not bad, but handovers can cause stutters. Use MRT for important calls at rush hour, or keep video to 480p/720p and turn off background uploads.4) My “unlimited” plan feels slow—why? - Many plans throttle after a small fair-use quota. Choose high‑FUP 5G packs. If your speed drops sharply after several GB, you’ve likely hit a throttle.5) What’s the best time to activate or switch eSIMs? - Late evening or once you’ve cleared the terminal. If activation fails in arrivals, step away from crowds or wait until you reach a less congested area.6) I’m transiting to Europe or the US. Can I keep one eSIM? - Yes. Use a regional plan such as Esim Western Europe or Esim North America. For country-specific trips, see Esim United States, Esim France, Esim Italy and Esim Spain.Next step: Explore more city-by-city field tests and plan your connectivity with Simology on Destinations.

30 Oct 2025