EU Roam Like at Home (2025): Fair‑Use Data Limits & Surcharges Explained

29 Oct 2025

Roam Like at Home (RLAH) lets you use your domestic mobile plan across the EU/EEA at your home rates. But there’s a catch many travellers miss: fair‑use policy (FUP) limits for data, and small surcharges once you go over. In 2025, the EU’s cost caps change again, which nudges your minimum roaming data allowance up if your provider applies a FUP cap. This guide gives you a plain‑English calculator you can actually use, realistic examples for light/standard/heavy users, and a checklist to avoid bill shock. We also link straight to the official EU rules, and we update this page (with a banner) whenever the numbers change.

If your trip includes non‑EU stopovers like Switzerland, the UK, Andorra or Monaco, your RLAH rights don’t apply there. See where your plan or an eSIM makes more sense on our live country pages: Destinations. If you need simple, borderless cover across multiple EU countries, a regional eSIM such as Esim Western Europe keeps costs predictable.

Where RLAH applies in 2025

RLAH covers EU member states plus Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway. It also includes EU outermost regions such as the Canary Islands, Madeira/Azores, and French overseas departments (e.g., Guadeloupe, Réunion, Martinique, French Guiana, Mayotte, Saint‑Martin FR).

It does not automatically cover: - Switzerland, the UK, Andorra, Monaco, San Marino or the Channel Islands/Isle of Man - Microstates not part of the EU/EEA

Some networks voluntarily include nearby non‑EU places in “Europe” bundles—check your operator. If your route is mixed‑region, consider an eSIM covering the gaps. For example: - Crossing the Schengen belt? Esim Western Europe - US trip before/after the EU? Esim United States or Esim North America - Planning France, Italy, Spain city‑hops? See Esim France, Esim Italy and Esim Spain

For the latest official scope and rights, consult the European Commission’s page: https://commission.europa.eu/consumer-protection/telecoms/roaming_en

The 2025 fair‑use rule changes in one minute

Wholesale data cap falls to €1.30/GB (ex VAT) from 1 January 2025.
That number matters because operators use it to calculate the minimum roaming data allowance on unlimited/very‑cheap bundles.
If you exceed your fair‑use allowance (or are flagged for long‑term roaming), providers can add small surcharges, capped at EU‑regulated rates.

The 2025 surcharge caps (maximums)

These are the most your operator can add on top of your normal domestic rate if a fair‑use cap kicks in. All are ex VAT; local VAT is added on your bill. - Data: up to €1.30 per GB - Voice calls: up to €0.022 per minute (outgoing while roaming) - SMS: up to €0.004 per message (outgoing while roaming)

Incoming calls while roaming in the EU should follow your domestic reception conditions (typically free).

Plain‑English calculator: your minimum EU roaming data under FUP

Use this if: - Your domestic plan is unlimited, or - Your plan is very cheap per GB and your operator applies a fair‑use cap while roaming

Step‑by‑step: 1) Find your monthly bundle price without VAT
- If your bill shows €24 with 20% VAT, the ex‑VAT price is €24 / 1.20 = €20.

2) Apply the 2025 formula
- Minimum roaming data (GB) = 2 × (Monthly ex‑VAT price) ÷ 1.30

3) Round down to a sensible whole number (operators often do).

Quick examples (2025): - €10 ex VAT plan: 2 × 10 ÷ 1.30 ≈ 15.3 GB - €15 ex VAT plan: 2 × 15 ÷ 1.30 ≈ 23.0 GB - €20 ex VAT plan: 2 × 20 ÷ 1.30 ≈ 30.7 GB - €30 ex VAT plan: 2 × 30 ÷ 1.30 ≈ 46.1 GB

Important: - This calculator estimates the minimum data your operator must allow if they apply an “open‑bundle” fair‑use cap (typical for unlimited plans). Your operator can be more generous, but not stingier than the formula. - If your plan has a fixed domestic data cap (e.g., 5 GB, 30 GB), you can usually use that full allowance while roaming at domestic rates. Some very cheap large bundles may still be treated as “open” and be capped using the above formula—check your plan’s roaming terms.

How operators apply fair‑use (and why you might see a cap)

Open data bundles: Unlimited or very cheap data plans can be capped for EU roaming using the calculator above. Once you hit the cap, surcharges may apply for more data in the same billing period.
Fixed data bundles: Most users can use up to their domestic data limit while roaming. If the domestic limit is higher than the calculator result and your plan is priced unusually low, your operator may still set a roaming cap around the calculator result.
Long‑term roaming: If you spend more time abroad than at home and use more data abroad over a 4‑month window, your provider can warn you. If your usage pattern continues, they may apply the regulated surcharges. This is to stop permanent roaming on a cheaper foreign SIM.

Pro tips: - Always check the roaming annex of your plan: it will state your EU roaming data allowance and any fair‑use limits. - Watch how your provider counts a “month”—billing cycle vs calendar month can affect when your cap resets. - If crossing non‑EU borders mid‑trip, keep your phone in flight mode until you confirm you’re in an RLAH country, or switch to a regional eSIM.

Real‑world examples: light, standard and heavy users

These scenarios assume 2025 caps and common operator practices. Your own plan may differ—always confirm your exact allowance in your account or app.

1) Light user: 5 GB domestic cap, €12/month (incl. VAT 20%)
- Domestic allowance: 5 GB
- Ex‑VAT price: €12 / 1.20 = €10
- Calculator result: ≈ 15 GB (but you don’t have unlimited)
- Likely EU roaming allowance: 5 GB at domestic rates (because your domestic cap is 5 GB).
- Beyond 5 GB: your operator may block or charge overage/surcharges—check your plan.

2) Standard user: 50 GB domestic cap, €24/month (incl. VAT 20%)
- Domestic allowance: 50 GB
- Ex‑VAT price: €24 / 1.20 = €20
- Calculator result: ≈ 31 GB
- Likely EU roaming allowance: Either the full 50 GB or around 31 GB if your operator treats it as an open/very‑cheap bundle. Many mainstream plans allow the full 50 GB; budget plans may cap closer to the calculator.

3) Heavy user: Unlimited domestic data, €36/month (incl. VAT 20%)
- Ex‑VAT price: €36 / 1.20 = €30
- Calculator result: ≈ 46 GB
- Likely EU roaming allowance: About 46 GB at domestic rates. After that, your provider may add up to €1.30/GB (ex VAT) or throttle per policy.

4) Frequent traveller flagged for long‑term roaming
- If your usage is predominantly abroad for 4+ months, expect a warning SMS. Keep roaming heavily abroad and the operator can add the capped surcharges even before you hit your data allowance.

If you need more guaranteed data across multiple borders, a travel eSIM with simple tiers can be cheaper and clearer than chasing FUP fine print. Compare regional options via Destinations or go straight to Esim Western Europe.

What happens when you exceed the fair‑use allowance?

Data: Your operator can add up to €1.30 per GB (ex VAT) on top of your domestic rate, until your billing period ends or a higher cap/add‑on applies. With 20% VAT, that’s up to €1.56/GB on your bill.
Voice: Up to €0.022/min (ex VAT) for outgoing calls while roaming, if a FUP on calls applies.
SMS: Up to €0.004 per message (ex VAT) for outgoing texts while roaming, if a FUP on SMS applies.
Notifications: Operators must inform you when you approach and reach your data fair‑use limit, and when surcharges begin.
Add‑ons: Many providers sell EU roaming bolt‑ons that reset or increase your allowance. Compare the per‑GB price of an add‑on vs the regulated surcharge; sometimes the surcharge is already the cheapest route, sometimes not.

Pro tips: - Turn off automatic cloud backups, app auto‑updates and high‑bitrate streaming while roaming. - Download maps/playlists on Wi‑Fi before crossing borders. - If you’re heading beyond the EU/EEA (e.g., US), set up a separate eSIM like Esim United States to avoid out‑of‑bundle roaming.

Traveller checklist: do this before you go

Confirm your plan type: Fixed data cap or unlimited? Note the monthly price ex VAT.
Find your EU roaming data allowance: In your carrier app or T&Cs. If “unlimited at home”, check the EU FUP value explicitly.
Calculate your minimum: Use 2 × (ex‑VAT price) ÷ 1.30 to estimate the floor for 2025 if your plan is unlimited/very cheap.
Set data alerts: Enable data‑use notifications at 80% and 100% in your phone and carrier app.
Save key contacts offline: Booking codes, accommodation, travel insurance PDFs.
Cover non‑EU gaps: Add a regional eSIM if your route includes Switzerland/UK/Andorra/Monaco—browse Destinations.

For teams and frequent flyers

If you manage staff on the road, align policies with EU fair‑use to control costs. Options: - Standardise plans with transparent EU FUP terms - Add travel eSIMs for non‑EU legs or heavy‑data roles - Centralise provisioning and spend alerts

See Simology For Business. Resellers and travel partners can access tools and rates via our Partner Hub.

FAQ: EU Roaming Fair Use 2025

1) How do I know what VAT rate to use in the calculator?
Use the VAT of the country where your mobile contract is billed (shown on your invoice). To get the ex‑VAT price, divide your total by 1 + VAT rate (e.g., 1.20 for 20% VAT).

2) Does RLAH cover Switzerland, the UK, Andorra or Monaco?
No. RLAH rights only apply in the EU/EEA. Some carriers include these places voluntarily, but it’s not guaranteed. If they’re on your itinerary, consider a regional eSIM or local plan—see Destinations.

3) Are tethering and 5G included when roaming?
Generally, your roaming experience should match your domestic plan (including tethering and 5G) where technically feasible on the visited network. Some operators restrict hotspot use or cap speeds—check your plan’s roaming section.

4) Will I be charged for incoming calls in the EU?
Incoming calls while roaming in the EU/EEA should mirror your domestic reception conditions (typically free). Outgoing calls and SMS can incur small surcharges only if a FUP is triggered.

5) What changes on 1 January 2025?
The wholesale data cap falls to €1.30/GB (from €1.55 in 2024). That increases the minimum roaming data allowance on unlimited/very‑cheap plans when a fair‑use cap is applied, and lowers any per‑GB surcharges. We update this guide—and display an update banner—whenever the EU changes the caps.

6) I travel every week across borders. How do I avoid long‑term roaming surcharges?
Ensure your usage remains predominantly at home over any 4‑month window, or consider a travel eSIM for the roaming leg so your home SIM isn’t flagged. Business travellers with constant cross‑border use can benefit from dedicated roaming bundles—see For Business.

Next step: Planning multi‑country travel in the EU? Keep it simple with a regional plan—compare options on Esim Western Europe, or browse country‑by‑country picks via Destinations.

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Andes Highlights (3 Weeks): Peru–Bolivia–Chile–Argentina Connectivity

Planning a south america itinerary 3 weeks through the high Andes? This route stitches together Peru’s Sacred Valley, Bolivia’s La Paz and Salar de Uyuni, Chile’s Atacama Desert, and northern Argentina’s quebradas or Mendoza wine country—often by long-distance bus and a couple of short flights. Connectivity is different at altitude: coverage is strong in cities but drops in high passes and salt flats; bus Wi‑Fi is patchy; border towns can be blackspots. The smart move is an eSIM with multi‑country coverage, backed by offline maps, offline translations, and a simple routine for crossing borders by bus without losing service. Below you’ll find a practical, connectivity-first itinerary; checklists to prep your phone, apps and documents; and on-the-ground tips for staying online where it matters: booking transport, hailing taxis, backing up photos, and navigating when the signal disappears.If you’re transiting via Europe or North America, you can also add a layover eSIM to stay connected door-to-door. Start with our country list on Destinations, then follow the steps, and you won’t waste time chasing SIM shops at 3,500 metres.The 3‑week Andes route at a glanceWeek 1: Peru (Cusco, Sacred Valley, Machu Picchu) - Fly into Cusco (or Lima then connect). - Base in Cusco; day trips to Pisac/Chinchero/Maras–Moray. - Train to Aguas Calientes; Machu Picchu visit; return to Cusco or continue to Puno/Lake Titicaca.Week 2: Bolivia and Chile (La Paz, Uyuni, San Pedro de Atacama) - Bus/collectivo via Copacabana to La Paz. - Fly or overnight bus to Uyuni. - 3‑day Uyuni–altiplano tour ending in San Pedro de Atacama (Chile).Week 3: Chile and Argentina (Atacama to Salta or Mendoza/Buenos Aires) - Choose: - North: San Pedro to Salta/Jujuy by bus; fly to Buenos Aires. - Or South: San Pedro–Calama flight to Santiago; bus or flight to Mendoza; onward to Buenos Aires.Connectivity notes (quick): - Cities: generally strong 4G/4G+; 5G in major hubs (Santiago, Buenos Aires). - Altitude/rural: expect long no‑signal stretches (Uyuni, altiplano passes, Paso Jama). - Bus Wi‑Fi: often advertised, rarely reliable. Plan to be offline onboard. - Border regions: networks switch; a multi‑country eSIM avoids sudden loss.eSIM vs local SIMs for a 4‑country tripFor a route with multiple borders and remote legs, eSIM wins on time and reliability.What a multi‑country eSIM gets you: - One plan across Peru, Bolivia, Chile, Argentina (check coverage per country on Destinations). - No passport/SIM registration queues at kiosks. - Keep your home number active on the physical SIM for calls/SMS codes. - Instant top‑ups if you burn data on photos or navigation.When a local SIM still helps: - Long stay in one country with heavy data use (e.g., a month in Buenos Aires). - Dead zones where a different local network performs better (rarely worth the hassle on a 3‑week pace).Practical approach: - Use an eSIM as your primary data line across all four countries. - If you find a specific local network far better in one region, add a cheap local SIM and keep the eSIM as backup.Device readiness checklist (before you fly)1) Check eSIM compatibility and SIM‑lock status on your phone.2) Buy and install your eSIM while on home Wi‑Fi. Keep a PDF/printed copy of the QR code.3) Label lines clearly (e.g., “eSIM Andes Data”, “Home SIM”).4) Turn on data roaming for the eSIM; leave roaming off for your home SIM to avoid charges.5) Set up dual‑SIM rules: data on eSIM; calls/SMS default to home SIM if needed.6) Download offline: Google Maps/Organic Maps for all target regions; language packs (Spanish at minimum); bus/air tickets; hotel confirmations.7) Cloud backups: set to upload on Wi‑Fi only; pre‑create shared albums for travel companions.8) Test tethering/hotspot with your laptop/tablet.If you’re transiting popular hubs, consider a short layover eSIM: - USA connections: add an Esim United States or a broader Esim North America.- Europe connections: Madrid/Barcelona? Use an Esim Spain. Paris or Rome? See Esim France and Esim Italy. Multi‑country layovers? Try Esim Western Europe.City‑by‑city connectivity notesCusco & the Sacred Valley (Peru)Coverage: Good in Cusco city; variable in high villages (Maras/Moray) and along Inca Trail approaches.Tips: Download Sacred Valley maps offline; pin viewpoints and ruins. most taxis use WhatsApp—save your accommodation’s number.Machu Picchu/Aguas Calientes: Patchy to none at the citadel. Upload your photos later; don’t rely on live ticket retrieval.Lake Titicaca: Puno and CopacabanaPuno: Reasonable 4G; bus terminals crowded—screenshot QR tickets.Crossing to Copacabana: Expect a signal drop around the border; have directions saved offline.La Paz (Bolivia)Good urban 4G; the cable car network has decent signal but tunnels do not.Yungas/“Death Road” tours: Mountain valleys cause dead zones—share your emergency contacts with the operator, carry a charged power bank, and don’t plan remote calls.Uyuni and the Altiplano (Bolivia to Chile)Uyuni town: OK 4G; ATMs finicky—use Wi‑Fi for banking apps.Salt flats/lagunas: Assume offline for most of the 3‑day tour. Guides often carry satellite phones; agree a pickup time/place in San Pedro and preload your map route.San Pedro de Atacama (Chile)Town: Solid 4G; accommodations often have Wi‑Fi but speeds vary.Geysers, Valle de la Luna: Offline navigation essential; sunrise trips start before mobile networks wake up in some areas.Salta/Jujuy or Mendoza/Buenos Aires (Argentina)Salta/Jujuy: Good city coverage; quebradas have long no‑signal sections.Mendoza: City 4G/5G; vineyards outside town can be patchy.Buenos Aires: Strong 4G/5G; ideal for cloud backups and large downloads before you fly home.Border crossings by bus: step‑by‑stepThe big ones on this route: Peru–Bolivia (Puno/Copacabana), Bolivia–Chile (Uyuni–San Pedro via Hito Cajón), Chile–Argentina (Paso Jama to Salta or Los Libertadores to Mendoza).How to keep service and sanity:1) The day before:- Top up your eSIM data.- Confirm your plan includes both countries you’re entering/leaving.- Download offline maps for both sides of the border and your town of arrival.- Save bus company WhatsApp and terminal address offline.2) On departure morning:- Keep a paper copy or offline PDF of tickets, insurance, and accommodation proof.- Charge phone and power bank; pack a short cable in your daypack.3) On the bus:- Don’t count on bus Wi‑Fi. Keep your eSIM as primary, but expect drops near mountain passes.- If your phone supports it, enable “Wi‑Fi calling” for later when you reach accommodation Wi‑Fi.4) At the border posts:- Data may be unavailable. Keep QR codes and booking numbers offline.- After exiting one country and entering the next, toggle Airplane Mode off/on to re‑register on the new network.- If the eSIM doesn’t attach, manually select a network in Mobile Settings.5) Arrival:- Send your accommodation a quick WhatsApp when you’re back online.- Recheck your eSIM’s data roaming is on; confirm you’re on an in‑country network, not a weak roaming partner.Pro tips: - Dual profiles: If your eSIM allows, keep a secondary profile for a different network in the same country—helpful in border towns.- Cash buffer: Some border terminals don’t accept cards; download a currency converter for offline use.Offline survival kit (5‑minute setup)Maps: Download regions for Cusco, Sacred Valley, Puno, La Paz, Uyuni, San Pedro, Salta/Jujuy or Mendoza, and Buenos Aires.Translations: Download Spanish for offline use; add phrasebook favourites (bus tickets, directions, dietary needs).Documents: Save PDFs of passports, tickets, hotel addresses; star them for quick access.Rides: Screenshots of pickup points; pin bus terminals and hotel doors.Entertainment: Podcasts and playlists for long bus legs, set to download on Wi‑Fi only.Altitude and your tech: what changesCoverage gaps lengthen: Fewer towers at high altitude; valleys can block signal. Assume offline on remote excursions.Batteries drain faster in cold: Keep your phone warm and carry a power bank (10,000–20,000 mAh).Hotel Wi‑Fi may be congested: Schedule big uploads (photo backups, app updates) for big-city stays like Santiago or Buenos Aires.GPS still works offline: Your blue dot shows on offline maps without data—preload everything.Data budgeting for 3 weeksTypical traveller usage across this route: - Messaging/Maps/Bookings: 0.2–0.5 GB/day- Social and photo sharing: 0.3–0.7 GB/day- Occasional video calls/streaming: 0.5–1.0 GB/dayFor a mixed-use trip, plan 15–25 GB for 3 weeks. Heavy creators should double it and upload over hotel Wi‑Fi when possible. If you work remotely, consider a higher‑capacity plan and a backup eSIM; see our guidance on For Business.Practical route with transport and connectivity cuesDays 1–4 Cusco base: Strong city signal; day trips may be spotty—go offline-ready.Days 5–6 Machu Picchu: Expect no service at the ruins; sync tickets ahead.Days 7–8 Puno to La Paz via Copacabana: Border signal drop; re‑register networks after crossing.Days 9–11 Uyuni tour to San Pedro: Treat as offline; charge nightly; carry spare cables.Days 12–14 San Pedro: Stable in town; tours offline; top up data before Paso Jama.Days 15–17 Salta/Jujuy or Mendoza: Good urban 4G; rural patches are offline.Days 18–21 Buenos Aires: Strongest connectivity of the trip; clear your uploads and map downloads for the flight home.Partnering and stopover extrasHospitality and tour operators in the Andes: help your guests stay connected—explore co‑branded solutions via our Partner Hub.Transatlantic flyers: test your eSIM setup on a layover with an Esim United States or Esim Western Europe before hitting high-altitude blackspots.FAQs1) Do I need a local SIM in each country?No. A multi‑country eSIM covering Peru, Bolivia, Chile and Argentina is simpler and works well for a 3‑week pace. Consider a local SIM only if you’ll spend longer in one country and want the absolute best regional coverage.2) Will my WhatsApp number change with an eSIM?No. WhatsApp is tied to your registered number, not your data line. Keep your home SIM active for voice/SMS (roaming off if you wish), and use the eSIM for data—WhatsApp continues as normal.3) Can I hotspot to my laptop or camera?Yes. Enable tethering on your eSIM. Mind your data: cloud backups and OS updates can burn gigabytes—set them to Wi‑Fi only or schedule in big cities.4) What if there’s no signal on the Uyuni/Atacama legs?That’s expected. GPS still works offline. Pre-download maps and translations, carry a power bank, and sync plans with your tour operator before departure.5) Will I get roaming charges at borders?If you’re using a multi‑country eSIM with coverage in both countries, you won’t incur extra roaming fees from your home carrier. Keep roaming off on your home SIM to avoid accidental use.6) I’m connecting via Europe or the US—worth getting a layover eSIM?Yes. It’s an easy way to test your setup and stay reachable. Try Esim North America or country options like Esim Spain, Esim France, or Esim Italy for common hubs.Next step: Browse South America coverage options and build your plan on Destinations.

31 Oct 2025

Italy eSIM & Mobile Internet Guide (2025): Best Plans, Speeds & Do’s/Don’ts

Planning Italy in 2025? An eSIM is the simplest way to stay connected from touchdown at Rome Fiumicino (FCO) or Milan Malpensa (MXP) to your last espresso in Florence. Italy’s cities have strong 4G and expanding 5G, but coverage and speeds can drop once you hit hills, vineyards, lakes or the Dolomites. This guide cuts through the noise: which eSIM plan to pick, real-world speeds (city vs countryside), how to activate at the airport in minutes, and what to know about EU roaming and fair use policies (FUP). If you’re hopping to France or Spain too, we’ll help you decide between a single-country Italy plan and a regional one. Start with Esim Italy, or browse all options on Destinations. Business travellers and teams: see For Business for consolidated billing and fleet management.Quick recommendationsBest for city breaks (Rome, Milan, Florence): A 10–20 GB Esim Italy plan with 5G access where available. Expect solid speeds and easy airport activation.Best for countryside road trips (Tuscany, Puglia, Umbria): Go 15–30 GB Esim Italy to cover maps, photos and hotspot. Expect 4G outside towns; download maps offline.Best for multi-country (France/Spain day trips or week-long Euro rail): Pick Esim Western Europe to avoid roaming surprises and FUP caps across borders.Flying in from or onward to the US/Canada: Add Esim United States or Esim North America for seamless legs before/after Italy.Business travel: Pooled data and central management on For Business keeps expenses clean and devices online.Pro tip: If you’re doing France > Italy > Spain, a single Esim Western Europe often beats juggling separate Esim France, Esim Italy and Esim Spain.Coverage and speeds: what to expect in 2025Italy’s major networks are TIM, Vodafone Italia, WINDTRE and Iliad. Most travel eSIMs connect to at least two of these, steering you to the strongest signal.Cities and larger townsWhere: Rome, Milan, Turin, Bologna, Florence, Naples, Verona, Bari.Coverage: Excellent 4G; 5G in central areas and commercial districts.Typical speeds:5G: 150–500+ Mbps off-peak; 80–200 Mbps at busy times.4G/LTE: 20–80 Mbps; expect higher latency during rush hours.Experience: Video calls and HD streaming are smooth; hotspotting a laptop is fine.Countryside, lakes and coastWhere: Tuscany villages, Amalfi Coast, Cinque Terre, Lake Como/Garda, Val d’Orcia, Puglia’s trulli towns.Coverage: Good in towns; patchy in valleys, cliffs and rural stretches.Typical speeds:4G: 5–30 Mbps; occasional drops to 1–5 Mbps in dead spots.5G: Spotty outside regional hubs; don’t rely on it.Experience: Maps, messaging and email are fine; upload-heavy tasks can stall. Cache playlists and download offline maps.Mountains and islandsWhere: Dolomites, Apennines, Sardinia, Sicily’s interiors.Coverage: Varies by village; ski resorts often decent in town, weak on slopes.Typical speeds: 1–15 Mbps; brief 0-data zones on mountain roads.Experience: Set expectations low and plan offline fallbacks.Trains and motorwaysHigh-speed Frecciarossa/Italo: Carriages can be metal-heavy; signal fluctuates between towers and tunnels. 5–30 Mbps is common; onboard Wi‑Fi varies.Motorways: Better than B-roads; still expect dips in valleys and tunnels.Pro tip: If speeds lag in a city, manually switch your eSIM network (e.g., between TIM/Vodafone/WINDTRE) in Mobile Network settings. One may be less congested.Choosing the right Italy eSIM planKey factors to weigh:Data allowance: Typical travel use per week:Light (messaging/maps): 3–5 GBModerate (social/ride-hailing/photos): 8–12 GBHeavy (hotspot/HD video): 15–30 GBValidity: 7, 10, 15 and 30-day options are common. Align the validity with your travel dates to avoid orphaned gigabytes.Network access: Plans that allow multiple Italian networks can improve coverage when roaming rural areas.5G access: Helpful in cities; not essential for most travellers.Hotspot/tethering: Most travel eSIMs permit it; check plan details if you rely on laptop tethering.Top-ups: Prefer plans that allow topping up or extending validity without reinstalling a new eSIM.Regional vs single-country:Only Italy? Choose Esim Italy.Italy + neighbours? Choose Esim Western Europe. Single-country options exist for nearby stops like Esim France and Esim Spain.Typical price guide (indicative): 3–5 GB (€7–€12), 10 GB (€15–€22), 20 GB (€25–€35), 30–50 GB (€35–€55). Prices vary by season and included networks.Pro tip: If your phone supports multiple eSIMs, install both a regional and an Italy plan before you fly. Activate only the one you need first; switch if plans change.How to install and activate your eSIM (works at FCO/MXP)Do this once; it works the same across Italy.1) Before you fly - Check your device supports eSIM and is unlocked. - Buy your plan (e.g., Esim Italy) and keep the QR code/email handy offline. - On iPhone: Settings > Mobile Service > Add eSIM. On Android: Settings > Network & Internet > SIMs > Add eSIM.2) Install the eSIM profile - Scan the QR or use the provided activation code. Name it “Italy” for clarity. - Leave “Data Roaming” OFF until you land in Italy (or the covered region).3) Set data defaults - Set “Italy eSIM” as your Mobile Data line; keep your home SIM for calls if needed. - Keep iMessage/WhatsApp tied to your primary number to avoid confusion.4) Land at FCO or MXP - Connect to free airport Wi‑Fi (follow on-screen SMS code or email verification). - Toggle Data Roaming ON for your Italy eSIM. - If asked for APN, accept “automatic” or the APN in your plan email.5) Test and optimise - Open a browser; run a speed test or load maps. - If no data: reboot, then manually select a different network (TIM/Vodafone/WINDTRE).6) Keep your home SIM safe - Disable your home SIM’s data to prevent roaming charges. Leave it active for calls/SMS if you need 2FA.7) Top-up if needed - Add data or extend validity from your plan dashboard without reinstalling.Pro tip: Screenshot your QR code and instructions. Airport Wi‑Fi can block email images; a screenshot saves time.Airport playbook: FCO and MXP in 5 minutesRome Fiumicino (FCO)After passport control, connect to the airport’s free Wi‑Fi (look for the official network in the arrivals hall).Find a seat with power, install/activate your eSIM, turn on Data Roaming.If activation stalls, move near windows for better signal and reboot once.Milan Malpensa (MXP)Connect to free Wi‑Fi in Arrivals near baggage belts or café areas.Activate your eSIM, then test Maps for your train to Milano Cadorna or Centrale.If speeds are poor, lock to an alternative network in settings before you leave the terminal.Pro tip: Don’t buy impulse “tourist SIMs” at kiosks unless you need local voice minutes. Travel eSIMs are usually better value for data, and you can set them up faster yourself.EU roaming and Fair Use Policy (FUP) explainedEU “roam like at home” is for EU residents on domestic EU plans. As a visitor using a travel eSIM, your roaming terms depend on the plan you buy.Single-country plans (e.g., Esim Italy) are typically meant for use only in that country; crossing into France or Spain may block data or trigger a cap.Regional plans (e.g., Esim Western Europe) include multiple countries with one allowance. They often have a FUP to prevent abuse (e.g., reduced speeds or a per-country cap after heavy use).“Unlimited” offers nearly always have FUP. Expect a high-speed bucket followed by reduced speeds (for example, 1–5 Mbps) or a daily fair-use threshold.Switzerland, San Marino and the Vatican are not automatically included by default on every plan. Always check your plan’s covered countries list.Pro tips: - Crossing borders by train? A regional plan avoids dead zones at the frontier. - If you only need France or Spain on separate trips, single-country options like Esim France and Esim Spain can be better value than a broad regional bundle.Do’s and Don’tsDo: - Download offline maps for regions with mountains or coastal cliffs. - Allow iCloud/Google Photos to back up on Wi‑Fi only to save data. - Use dual-SIM: home line for calls/SMS, eSIM for data. - Manually switch networks if speeds are inconsistent.Don’t: - Assume 5G outside major cities; plan for 4G in rural areas. - Burn through data with auto-updates and cloud sync on mobile. - Buy tiny 1–2 GB plans for week-long trips; you’ll top up at airport prices. - Rely on “unlimited” without reading the FUP fine print.Troubleshooting checklistNo data after activation: Toggle Airplane Mode on/off; then reboot.“Activation failed” on QR: Use the manual activation code from your email.Slow speeds in a city: Manually select a different local network in Mobile Network settings.Apps not connecting on mobile: Check APN set to automatic or as per your plan email.Hotspot not working: Verify your plan allows tethering; update carrier settings; reboot.For businesses and travel partnersCompanies: Centralise spend, allocate data to staff and manage devices across trips with For Business.Travel creators/agents: Earn and streamline recommendations via the Partner Hub.FAQIs my phone compatible with an Italy eSIM? Most recent iPhone, Google Pixel, Samsung Galaxy and other flagship devices support eSIM. Your phone must be unlocked. Check your device settings for “Add eSIM”.Can I keep my WhatsApp number? Yes. WhatsApp, iMessage and Signal stay tied to your existing number even when using an Italy eSIM for data.Will my Italy eSIM work in other EU countries? A single-country Esim Italy plan is intended for Italy. For multi-country travel, pick Esim Western Europe or country-specific options such as Esim France and Esim Spain.What speeds should I expect? In cities, 5G commonly delivers 100–300+ Mbps and 4G around 20–80 Mbps. Rural and mountain areas can drop to single-digit Mbps, with occasional no-signal pockets.Do I need ID to buy an Italy eSIM? Travel eSIMs bought online typically do not require in-person registration. Buying a local physical SIM in-store in Italy may require ID. Always follow the instructions in your plan email.Can I hotspot my laptop? Most travel eSIM plans allow tethering, but some have limits. Check your specific plan details. Expect smooth browsing on 4G/5G; large uploads are best on Wi‑Fi.Next step: Choose your plan on Esim Italy and land connected.

30 Oct 2025

New York City Speed Test: JFK/EWR Airports, Midtown, Subway Platforms

New York is a hard stress test for any mobile network. We spent two days measuring real‑world performance at JFK and Newark (EWR) airports, across busy Midtown blocks, and on multiple subway platforms. Our aim: practical guidance for travellers deciding between airport Wi‑Fi and 5G, whether Midtown crowds crush throughput, and how usable platforms are while you wait for a train. This report prioritises lived experience over lab peaks. We ran multiple tests at commuter peak and off‑peak, indoors and outdoors, and we compared against three Midtown hotel Wi‑Fi networks. You’ll find a summary of results, location‑by‑location notes, and a copy‑paste CSV so you can inspect the data. If you’re planning a US trip, pair this with an eSIM from our Esim United States range or multi‑country cover via Esim North America. For other countries and future comparisons, browse our Destinations hub.What we tested and howDevices and profilesTwo recent 5G phones (Sub‑6 with C‑band and mid‑band support).eSIM profiles on mainstream US networks plus an international roaming eSIM.Tests performed with VPN off, battery above 40%, and mobile data preference set to 5G Auto.Locations and timesAirports: JFK Terminal 4 departures (check‑in, security, two gate areas) and Terminal 8 concourse; EWR Terminal A (new concourse) and Terminal C food court.Midtown: Times Square (7th Ave/45th), Bryant Park, Herald Square, Grand Central exterior, and a 33rd St office lobby.Subway platforms: Times Sq–42 St (A/C/E and 1/2/3), Grand Central–42 St (4/5/6), 34 St–Herald Sq (B/D/F/M/N/Q/R/W), and 14 St–Union Sq (L/4/5/6).Time windows: weekday morning commute (07:30–09:30), lunch (12:00–14:00), evening (17:00–19:00), late night (22:00–23:00).MethodThree runs per spot via Speedtest app; we logged downlink, uplink, latency, jitter, signal strength, and RAT (5G/4G).Where venue Wi‑Fi existed (free airport Wi‑Fi and three Midtown hotels), we ran two Wi‑Fi tests per spot on 5 GHz networks.We averaged per spot and noted congestion spikes, captive portals, and any dead zones.Headline results at a glanceAirports: JFK 5G mid‑band generally fast and consistent (150–400 Mbps down; 15–50 Mbps up; 18–35 ms latency). EWR A/C similar or slightly lower (120–320 Mbps down). Free airport Wi‑Fi varied widely (25–180 Mbps down), with higher latency and occasional captive portals.Midtown streets: Solid mid‑band 5G when outdoors (80–350 Mbps down) but congestion dips around Times Square at lunchtime and pre‑theatre, where some runs fell to 20–60 Mbps. Latency on mobile stayed sub‑40 ms even under load.Inside buildings: Lobbies and deep interiors dropped to 4G or low‑band 5G in some cases; speeds ranged 10–80 Mbps down with higher jitter.Subway platforms: Coverage is expanding; most major stations tested had usable LTE/5G on platforms. Typical speeds 8–90 Mbps down, 2–25 Mbps up, with sporadic “No service” pockets in older sections. In‑tunnel between stations remains hit‑and‑miss.Hotel Wi‑Fi vs 5G: Two hotels delivered 30–60 Mbps with 60–120 ms latency and aggressive captive portals; one business‑class property delivered 120–220 Mbps down but still 30–60 ms latency. 5G usually beat Wi‑Fi for upload and latency, and matched or exceeded download at peak times.Location‑by‑location findingsJFK Airport (Terminal 4 and 8)Check‑in and security halls (T4): 5G mid‑band was strong across operators with 180–320 Mbps down and 15–40 Mbps up. Free Wi‑Fi was usable (40–120 Mbps down) but required captive portal acceptance; latency 35–70 ms.Gate areas (T4 B concourse): Best mobile results of the airport, frequently 250–400 Mbps down on mid‑band, and steady 20–45 Mbps up. Video calls were smooth even with background syncing. Wi‑Fi here fluctuated from 25 to 110 Mbps depending on nearby users.Terminal 8 concourse: Slightly lower medians (150–260 Mbps down). We noted uplink dips in the 10–20 Mbps range at peak boarding times.Pro tips: - If Wi‑Fi captive portals fail, toggle Wi‑Fi off and rely on 5G for faster onboarding and lower latency. - Avoid deep corners behind pillars near gates; step into the main concourse for better 5G mid‑band.Newark Liberty (EWR Terminal A and C)Terminal A (new building): Consistent mid‑band 5G with 160–300 Mbps down, 18–40 Mbps up, 20–32 ms latency. Free Wi‑Fi delivered 60–150 Mbps down in open seating areas, but dipped under 20 Mbps near crowded food zones.Terminal C food court: Higher contention; mobile still acceptable (120–220 Mbps down). Wi‑Fi varied the most here (10–90 Mbps), with notable jitter during peak meal windows.Traveller takeaway: - At both airports, mobile 5G was the safer default for uploads (docs to cloud, messaging attachments). Use Wi‑Fi only when you need to save data or if you find an uncrowded access point.Midtown Manhattan streets and hotelsStreets and plazas: Outdoor mid‑band 5G carried well along 6th and 7th Avenues. Lunchtime at Times Square saw the steepest drops; several tests fell below 50 Mbps down due to crowd density. Even then, latency held under ~45 ms, keeping maps, rideshare, and messaging responsive.Lobbies and lifts: We saw handoffs to low‑band 5G or LTE with downlink in the 10–40 Mbps range. Uploads were the pain point inside (often <10 Mbps), affecting cloud photo backup and large email sends.Hotels (three properties):Business hotel near Bryant Park: 120–220/20–40 Mbps with predictable performance but higher latency (30–60 ms) than mobile.Two mid‑range hotels near Herald Square and Times Square: 20–60/5–15 Mbps, captive portals, device quotas, and occasional throttling at night.Versus 5G: Mobile 5G beat or matched hotel Wi‑Fi on upload and latency in all three cases, and beat two hotels on download.Pro tips: - If your video call matters, tether from 5G in Midtown rather than relying on mid‑range hotel Wi‑Fi. - Try a window‑side spot for stronger 5G when indoors; walls and metallic façades can heavily attenuate mid‑band.Subway platforms: coverage and speed realityPlatform coverage is expanding station by station. We found usable LTE/5G at Times Sq–42 St, Grand Central–42 St, Herald Sq, and Union Sq platforms.Typical results: 8–90 Mbps down, 2–25 Mbps up, 30–60 ms latency. Newer stations and renovated sections skewed higher.Dead zones: Some corners and transfer corridors still drop to “No service” or edge‑LTE. Between stations, expect intermittent service; do not rely on continuous connectivity for real‑time navigation or calls.Platform tips: - Download offline maps before you go. - Send large attachments while still on the platform; uplink often collapses once the train departs. - If you need a hotspot, stand near stairwells or open mezzanines where signals tend to be stronger.5G vs hotel Wi‑Fi: which should you pick?Use mobile 5G when: - You need low latency (video calls, live collaboration). - Uploads matter (cloud backups, sending docs). - Wi‑Fi is captive‑portal‑gated or throttled.Use Wi‑Fi when: - You’re preserving roaming data or on a tight cap. - You can access a premium or business‑grade SSID. - You’re downloading large app updates off‑peak.Checklist to decide in 30 seconds: 1. Test ping and upload (not just download). If latency >60 ms and upload <5 Mbps on Wi‑Fi, switch to 5G. 2. If your phone shows weak 5G indoors, move closer to windows or try Wi‑Fi. 3. Avoid VPN during tests; it skews latency. Re‑enable after. 4. Disable low‑power or data‑saver modes for accurate benchmarking. 5. For sensitive work, use personal 5G + VPN rather than shared hotel Wi‑Fi.How to replicate our nyc speed test mobileStep‑by‑step: 1. Prepare your device: update OS, ensure 5G Auto is on, disable VPN, and charge >40%. 2. Install two speed apps (e.g., Speedtest and Fast). Close all other network‑heavy apps. 3. At each spot, run three tests on mobile data, 30–60 seconds apart. Note RAT (5G/4G) and signal bars/dBm if available. 4. If Wi‑Fi exists, join the main SSID, complete any captive portal, and run two tests. 5. Log results in a simple CSV with: datetime (local), location, lat/long (approx), network tech, down/up/latency/jitter, signal_dBm, and notes. 6. Airplane mode toggle between locations to force a clean network attach.Pro tips: - Test at different times; NYC congestion is time‑dependent. - Stand still during tests; movement changes cell selection and beamforming. - For consistent comparisons on future trips (e.g., Paris, Milan, Barcelona), repeat the same method and compare with our Esim France, Esim Italy, and Esim Spain travellers’ notes, or cover a broader trip with Esim Western Europe.Traveller recommendationsPrimary SIM choice: For single‑country travel, a US eSIM is simplest; see our Esim United States options with generous high‑speed data. Multi‑city North America itinerary? Use Esim North America.Business travellers: Consider a plan with strong uplink and hotspot allowance for Midtown calls and airport uploads. If you manage a team, our For Business page outlines pooled data and spend controls.Partners and events: If you operate venues or events in NYC and want predictable connectivity for attendees, collaborate via our Partner Hub.Pre‑trip planning: Check other city reports on Destinations to benchmark expectations.Dataset: NYC speed test mobile (CSV sample)Below is a sample of our log. Header row included; units are Mbps for throughput and ms for latency/jitter. Locations are approximate to protect privacy.datetime_local,location,venue,lat,lon,network,down_mbps,up_mbps,latency_ms,jitter_ms,signal_dbm,notes 2025-09-17 08:05,JFK T4,Check-in Hall,40.6438,-73.7820,5G,286,32,23,6,-93,Free Wi‑Fi busy; mobile steady 2025-09-17 08:18,JFK T4,Security Exit,40.6436,-73.7817,5G,254,28,21,5,-95,High footfall 2025-09-17 09:02,JFK T4 B,Gate Area,40.6446,-73.7810,5G,372,41,19,4,-89,Best results at B concourse 2025-09-17 10:11,JFK T8,Concourse,40.6460,-73.7847,5G,198,17,28,8,-96,Uplink dip near boarding 2025-09-17 12:32,Times Square,7th Ave/45th,40.7590,-73.9855,5G,62,14,37,11,-101,Heavy congestion lunchtime 2025-09-17 13:05,Herald Square,Outdoor,40.7496,-73.9870,5G,181,24,29,7,-97,Consistent mid‑band 2025-09-17 14:22,Bryant Park,Outdoor,40.7536,-73.9832,5G,212,27,24,6,-94,Good outdoors 2025-09-17 15:40,Hotel A,Lobby Wi‑Fi,40.7525,-73.9850,Wi‑Fi,56,9,74,18,NA,Captive portal present 2025-09-17 16:10,Hotel B,Room Wi‑Fi,40.7506,-73.9872,Wi‑Fi,138,31,41,10,NA,Business SSID stable 2025-09-17 17:55,Grand Central,Exterior,40.7527,-73.9772,5G,168,22,26,7,-98,Pre‑commute steady 2025-09-17 18:22,34 St–Herald Sq,Platform,40.7496,-73.9879,5G,48,11,39,12,-104,Usable on platform 2025-09-17 18:45,Times Sq–42 St,Platform,40.7553,-73.9870,LTE,22,6,52,16,-106,Crowded; LTE fallback 2025-09-17 19:08,Union Sq–14 St,Platform,40.7359,-73.9903,5G,74,18,33,9,-100,Good for messaging/calls 2025-09-17 21:15,EWR Terminal A,Concourse,40.6895,-74.1745,5G,264,35,24,6,-92,Low contention late 2025-09-17 21:40,EWR Terminal C,Food Court,40.6924,-74.1787,5G,182,21,28,9,-97,Evening crowd For requests to use or extend this dataset (e.g., adding venues or dates), get in touch via our Partner Hub.FAQIs mobile 5G faster than airport Wi‑Fi in NYC?Usually, yes—especially for uploads and latency. Download speeds can be similar when Wi‑Fi is uncongested.Will my phone work on subway platforms?At major stations, yes, with usable LTE/5G on platforms. Expect gaps in corridors and between stations.What speeds should I expect in Times Square?Outdoors on 5G, 50–250 Mbps is typical, but lunch and pre‑theatre peaks can dip below that due to crowd density.Is hotel Wi‑Fi reliable for video calls?It varies. Business‑grade Wi‑Fi can work, but many hotels have higher latency or throttling. Tethering over 5G is often smoother.Do I need a US‑specific eSIM for best speeds?It helps. A local plan from Esim United States typically provides better performance and predictability than pure roaming. If you’re visiting Canada too, consider Esim North America.Where can I find more city speed tests?Browse our evolving library on Destinations. Planning Europe next? See Esim Western Europe for multi‑country coverage.Next step: Choose your US plan and be ready for NYC’s networks with Esim United States.

30 Oct 2025